Tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union resumed after the Second World War ended in 1945. They escalated from 1945-1947. Historians differ, but the usual starting year is 1947 for the Cold War that lasted until the collapse of the Soviet Union on December 25, 1991. Both sides that participated in the Cold War produced an amazing array of jet-powered fighter aircraft. The earliest jet fighters were adaptations of WWII aircraft. Without the stakes of the Cold War, real or imagines, it is difficult to see what could have inspired an aviation program such as the one undertaken by both sides in the decades from the end of WWII to the fall of Communism. World War I Squadron No. 234 was formed in August 1918 from Nos. 350, 351, 352 and 353 Flights at the seaplane station at Tresco, Isles of Scilly, and flew anti-submarine patrols over the approaches to the English Channel until the Armistice, disbanding on May 15, 1919. The squadron reformed at Oldenburg on August 1, 1952, in the ground attack role equipped with Vampires, but in November 1953 it returned to the day fighter role when it began to receive Sabres, conversion being completed in January 1954. The squadron moved to Geilenkirchen in June 1954, where Hunters replaced the Sabres in May 1956, but following the Sandy's White Paper, it was disbanded on July 15, 1957.